Learning Center

What changed, and whether it changes anything for you

Rules move without asking. Most of the time the honest answer is that a headline does not touch your money at all — so that is the first thing each explainer tells you, before any of the detail.

Roth, traditional, 401(k), 403(b) and IRA. Which account you use decides how much of your own money you keep, and most of the difference comes down to when the tax is paid.

12 explainers in Retirement Accounts

Retirement does not end your tax return. Which account you draw from first, which state you live in and when you convert all change the bill — and all three are decisions you still control.

10 explainers in Taxes in Retirement

Two programs with rules that reward timing. When you claim, and what your income looked like two years ago, decide what you receive and what you pay.

9 explainers in Medicare & Social Security

The match, the vesting schedule and the pension. Most of what an employer contributes is decided by a formula you can read — and a date you can look up before you resign.

10 explainers in Employer Benefits

What passes to the people you name, how long it takes and what it costs them. Most of it is decided by a beneficiary form, not by a will.

12 explainers in Estate & Inheritance

New rules, agency announcements and IRS guidance — and, more to the point, whether they change anything for you.

Written by Paul Mauro, a 50-year veteran of the financial industry. These explainers are educational and are not tax, legal or investment advice. Check anything that affects your own return or benefits with a qualified professional.